Antony van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723)
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is considered a father of microbiology as he observed and experimented with microscopic organisms in 1676, using simple microscopes of his own design. Scientific microbiology developed in the 19th century through the work of Louis Pasteur and in medical microbiology Robert Koch
considered the greatest early microscopist.
Leeuwenhoek was a manic observer, who tried to look at
everything with his microscopes.
Those little animals were everywhere! He told the Royal
Society of finding swarms of those subvisible things in
his mouth—of all places: “Although I am now fifty years
old,” he wrote, “I have uncommonly well-preserved teeth,
because it is my custom every morning to rub my teeth
very hard with salt, and after cleaning my teeth with a
quill, to rub them vigorously with a cloth. . . .”
From his teeth he scraped a bit of white stuff, mixed
it with pure rainwater, stuck it in a little tube onto the
needle of his microscope, closed the door of his study—
As he brought the tube into focus, there was an
unbelievable tiny creature, leaping about in the water of
the tube. . . . There was a second kind that swam
forward a little way, then whirled about suddenly, then
tumbled over itself in pretty somersaults. . . . There was
a menagerie in his mouth! There were creatures shaped
like flexible rods that went to and fro . . . there were
spirals that whirled through the water like violently
animated corkscrews. . . .—Paul de KruifMicrobe Hunters (1926
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